Improvement in sounding-telegraphs



E. WILSON.

Sounding Telegraph.

Patented Feb. -6, 1866.

Unrrnn @TATES PAT NT fission.

ELISHA WILSON, on NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT...

IMPROVEMENT IN SOUNDlNG-TELEGR APHS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 52,481, dated February 6, 1866.

To allwhom it may concern:

Be t known that I, ELISHA WILSON, of the city aid county of New Haven, and State of Conncticut,'have invented an improvement in the a plication of sounds produced from pipes, tubes or anyinstrumentthat can be made to soum by air, vapor, or gas to the purposes of elect'o-telegra-phy; and I do hereby declare the fdlowing to be a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accom pan ying trawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Tha nature of my invention consists in effectuallycontrolling the sounding of any air or Vaporsouudinginstrument, for the purposes of electro telegraphy without stoppage of the flowii g vapor or current. By my invention intellgent signals may be obtained from intermittent orcontinuous sound-t. c.,the soundis entirely suppressed, or not at all, or only partially. From continuous sound the signals are obtained by transition from one pitch-tone or pulsation to another. By change of pitch or key, I mean a full or partial transition from one letter of the musical scale to another. By change of tone,I mean a transition from one voice or kind of sound to a different voice or I tone, whether in the same or a different key or pitch. By pulsation,I mean asimplebeat, inflection, articulation, or cadence, whetherin the same or a different tone or pitch-usually a pulsation occurs in the same toneall which changes are eflected in difl'erent degrees, according to circumstances, such as position of tongue 1), quantity and force of current, and the proportion of the parts of the mouth, tongue, and throat relatively to each other. All valvestop and cut-off arrangements being dispensed with, less power is required, for to close and open by valve-stop or otherwise a channel for the flowing current will evidently require more working force than merely to intercept or extinguish the vibrations without essentially opposing the force of the current, as by the device herein described.

The object sought is to obtain the greatest ease with the slightest needful degree of motion, and thus to reduce the Whole labor thereof to the capacity of the lowest practical power of the line-magnet in all circumstances.

N My invention is represented by the Drawing Like letters'refer to like parts.

9 is an air or organ pipe, Figures 1 and 2, of wood, and Fig. 5 a section of lead pipe. y is the mouth or general cavity of the speakingoriflce, Figs. 1, 7, and 5. 0, Fig. 7, is the opening of the throat. this the upper, and w the lower, lip. g is the guttural or back of the throat. 1, Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, is the armature-lever, terminating in or attached to the pallet or tongue 1;, which latter may take any convenient form adapted to the mouth y.

, In Figs. 1, 7, and 8,1; is a thin flat plate. The line of its anterior edge should be conformed to that of the throat, which in pipep is straight. In Figs. 7 and 10 c has a long flat form. In Fig. 9 1; assumes the form of a round rod. It may be rectangular, triangular, or any other shape, provided its anterior line conforms to that of the throat sufficiently to cover it as much as the particular case requires.

Fig. 7 is a sectional side view of the wood pipe p. The line it I will define to be the guttural line, drawn from the front face of g to the inside tip of the upper lip, u. To cut off all sonorous vibrations the anterior edge of c need advance into the mouth y usually to cover about one-half to two-thirds of the open space of the throat 0. In some cases c must advance up to the guttural line it. The extreme limit for the suppression of all sound does not extend past line h when 0 moves inward. The region of silence is usually found between line h and a right line, a, drawn from the outer tip of the upper lip, a, down to the space of the throat o, midway between 9 and at, whether '0 moves inward toward it or outward from behind h and across it, as t. The limit of clear tone is usually found betweenthe guttural line It and a right line, j, drawn from the inner surface of the lower lip, 00, to the outer tip of the upper lip, a. The region of dead-space between silence and sound may be generally defined by the lines j and a. The thickness or extent of the dead-space must be traversed-by the'anterior edge of e to suppress all or permit clear sound.

To find the dead-space and set the tongue 0 for use, turn back screw d, Figs. 1 and 2, carry c forward until you arrive at the exact point of silence, set the screw there, then carry lever lback to the opposite screw, (1, turn the latter forward until you arrive at the limit of sound verging on the dead-space, and the adjustment is finished,

To change the tone or pitch only, elevate the tongue 0 anywhere above and clear of the guttural gand throat 0, turn the screw at forward, bearingv back until you arrive just within the limit of sound, then let the other screw, 01, recede only sufficiently to allow a slight play of lever l. The exact elevation of 12 between the lips a and up, orits position before the guttural line It or behind it, as '0, Fig. 7, is not important.

In Figs. 9 and 10, v, and 'v in 7 are adapted to be placed either before or behind and inside of line It. In the latter case the motion of the armature-lever L and of the tongue must be reversed, and proceed from within the cavity of the mouth outward. It requires also a corresponding change in the position of the mag-v net M, unless whatis known as the open-circuit key is employed. Thismode may be preferable with some, and is equally effective to suppress sound, which occurs the instant v or 'v strikes into and across the line It enough to cover the upper lip, u, against the impinging current which vibrates thereon. The above applies to air and vapor currents generally; but whether it pertains to air or vapor whistles, or whatever may be the exigencies of the case, the form and motion of 'v or 02 must be adapted to the form of the sounding-orifice and of the throat. In controlling sound at the primary orifice where the current is in force, said current should have its line of motion at right angles to that of v or o.

To obtain intelligent signals at any secondary orifice, I may use a close stop or valve attached to the armature-lever Z, as the is no directforce of current to encounter.

Fig. 6 represents partof the fronyiew of a flageolet. y is the main, and the fingr-stops l 2 3 are the secondary, sounding-orifies. 'v is the stop, and lthe armature-lever. Th lowest power of the magnet will suflice tcoperate this. Clear and distinct signals arejthus obtained by a change of pitch or key In the use of pitch the transition should b always made from the lower to the higherzey, the letter or parts of the letter being eiinciated by the higher, and the spaces intermeiiate between their parts and the letters themselves, and also between the words they forn, being represented by the lower. 6

What I claim as my invention,and (esireto secure by Letters Patent, is h v 1. Oontrollin g either continuous oriltermittent air, gas,or vapor soundingfor telegraphic .puposes without stopping the flow of he air,

gas, or vapor by which the sound is proluced.

2. A. pallet or tongue, 1; orm, or al y substantially equivalent device adaptediointercept, regulate, or control the vibrations If air, gas, or vapor against the edge of the lip u in order to vary or suppress the sound, substantially as explained. i

3. The employmentofcontinuous souiitlfrotn air, gas, or vapor soundinginstruments ior telegraphic signals by transition from oneione or pitch, key, or pulsation to another, :either at the main or at any secondary sounding-orifice, substantially as above set forth.

Witnesses: ELISHA WILSON.

OcTAVIUs KNIGHT, l EDWARD H. KNIGHT. 

